Which best describes group contingencies?

The best description of group contingencies is centered around the idea that consequences are administered to a group based on the behavior of all its members rather than on an individual basis. This means that the success or failure of a particular behavior is contingent upon the collective performance of the group, encouraging collaboration and accountability among members.

In this scenario, when the entire group meets a predetermined behavioral criterion, they all receive a reward or consequence, fostering a sense of unity and shared responsibility. Group contingencies can be highly effective in fostering positive behavior, as they motivate individuals to work together towards a common goal.

In contrast, the other options focus on individual actions or consequences that do not align with the concept of group contingencies, thereby clarifying the distinction between individual accountability and group-based outcomes.